Vancomycin hydrochloride from Streptomyces orientalis

Vancomycin hydrochloride, with the CAS number 1404-93-9, is a glycopeptide antibiotic derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces orientalis. It is primarily used to treat severe bacterial infections, particularly those caused by gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The mechanism of action involves inhibiting cell wall synthesis in bacteria, ultimately leading to cell lysis and death. Vancomycin hydrochloride is administered intravenously and has a narrow therapeutic index, requiring careful monitoring of serum concentrations to minimize the risk of toxicity. Its effectiveness against a range of bacterial infections has made it a crucial component of modern antimicrobial therapy, and it is often reserved for use in cases where other antibiotics are ineffective or contraindicated. As such, vancomycin hydrochloride remains a valuable treatment option in clinical settings.